EGYPT+4

Egypt  Core 4 Paper Egypt had a great ancient civilization that has helped us today in many ways. It will always be a great civilization that we will look back on and learn from.Egypt has great traditions, innovations, economy and the have a very complex government that has taught us in many ways. In these paragraphs you will learn all of the P.E.G.S. of Ancient Egypt.  Overall you will learn the many reasons why Ancient Egypt is the best civilization.

Egypt is the best civilization because their vast resources they used to build many things such as the pyramids,temples,and tombs. Some of their resources were granite,sandstone,copper,manganese, turquoise, beryl, gold, gypsum, and phosphate. Some other resources are papyrus which they turned to scrolls and flint which they used to make farming tools to help with their good crops and also they used it to make weapons to conquer many lands. All of these resources were located in northeastern Africa which is where Egypt is located. Thanks to some of these resources, __pyramids__  could be built like the pyramid of Kharfre which is located in Giza, Egypt. The __Sphinx__  is also located in Giza. The other pyramids they built with these resources are the great pyramid which is also located in Giza along with the pyramid of Menkaure, and the Maidum pyramid which is located in Maidum, Egypt. That pyramid came along later.  The __Nile river__  was a key part of their civilization too. It allowed them to trade with Mesopotamia. But to me one of the best things about Ancient Egypt’s geography is one of its landmarks that is still standing which is the __Valley of the Kings__  located just outside the city of Thebes. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">As you can see Egypt is the best civilization because of their vast resources and legacy's that have stand the test of time this is why they are the best.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ff0000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Egypt had a successful government system that worked for many years. While they didn’t have a police force, they did have an army. Compared to an average army back then, it was a very large army. Some of the army were slaves that were drafted, but were all men. There was even Nuban Mercenaries at one point hired to help in their wars. This made them the best because they had one of the biggest armies. They lived near the Nile River and whenever it flooded they would get very fertile soil because of this they rarely had a food shortage. This is important because you can’t run any civilization without a steady food supply. Since their kingdom was in the desert they were usually in peace from wars and invasions this was good because they wouldn’t have many invasion which would make their empire last longer. Invaders were the Libyans from the west and the Nubans from the south. This is why they had a successful government system.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #00ff00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Egypt has the best economy because, the Egyptians had many jobs that they inherited for example is that a father who is a farmer then the older son would have that job and it will be pasted on for generations. Another thing why Egypt is better is that they traded and bartered for lots of things, they even built things so they can trade with people. Egyptians built small boats with limited wood. They went to the south and traded with people a long the Eastern part and exchanged goods with other goods. One last thing why Egypt is better is because of their farming abilities they planted different plants they planted fruits, vegetables, and grain the animals they had cattle, fowls goats,and pigs. They get lots of money for farming. And take good care of the plants and animals these are some of my three reasons why Egypt is a better civilization.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ff9900; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Egypt has a very advanced social life. Here are some of the ways that make their social life better than the other civilizations. One thing is that Ancient Egypt was very advanced in making new inventions and innovations. Some of their inventions that have helped us today are the 365 day calender that they made, how they sat up the basics of geometry and surgery, their building skills and how they made the first piece of material to write on. These inventions have helped us is many ways. The calender that they made led us to develop our year and it allowed us to make many achievements in astronomy. Since they set up geometry we have been able to make many new math formulas and think of many ideas and because they set up surgery we have been able to take huge steps in our medical field. We have invented paper from trees because of the papyrus paper that they made. Instead of the Egyptians writing on slate with a stylus. They could now write on paper with a paint brush or something else. It was used for recording things in <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ff9900; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; vertical-align: baseline;">__hieroglyphics__ <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ff9900; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> like measuring the rainfall or recording taxes or even recording the number of crops grew that month or year. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #9900ff; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">There are even more innovations. One is the Shadoof. It was very important to the Egyptians. It is an invention that we still use today in the modern day well. It was used to collect water from streams, lakes, rivers, and creeks etc. One side had a counterweight and the other side had a bucket. The Egyptians would hold on to the counterweight and raise it up then the bucket would go underwater and then a few seconds later the man would pull down on the counterweight and the bucket would come out of the water and the bucket would be full of water. Another innovation is the ox pulled plow. It would get rid of long hours in the fields. It would turn 18 hours into 5 or 6. All the Egyptians would have to do were plant the seeds and guide the oxen. We still use this idea today but instead of animals we use machines. A third innovation was medicine. All medicine was was crushed up herbs or other things that they thought would make you feel better. It is like today but it wasn't guaranteed to get you better. If you’re lucky it might make you feel a little better. The next innovation is makeup. We still use it today but mostly only women. Their makeup was not mandatory, but the makeup under the eyes were. Another innovation is the ramp. We still use it today for pushing heavy things up them. The Egyptians used them to build the pyramids! They got it to the top by attaching ropes to it and letting the slaves pull the rocks up. The last innovation is water channels. This was also another water innovation. They decided that the bucket was not fast enough so they made little channels to get the water from the Nile river to their crops. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ff9900; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Unlike other civilizations Egypt made so many innovations that have helped us today. Another thing that made Ancient Egypt better than other civilizations was how they had a very complicated way to bury their dead. Today we call them <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ff9900; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; vertical-align: baseline;">__mummies__ <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ff9900; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. When an Egyptian died they went through a whole mummification process which got them ready for the <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ff9900; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; vertical-align: baseline;">__Afterlife__ <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ff9900; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> and the travel to the <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ff9900; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; vertical-align: baseline;">__Duat__ <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ff9900; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. The first thing they would do in the 70 day mummification process was they would have the priests recite a final prayer and they made one final attempt to revive the body and bring back their <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ff9900; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; vertical-align: baseline;">__Ba.__ <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ff9900; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Then the body was washed and purified in a special shelter and then it was taken to the embalmers workshop. A cut was made in the side and all the organs were then removed except for the heart and put in special containers known as Canopic jars. The brain was removed through the nose. The body was then dried in a type of salt called Natron for 40 days. The body was then wrapped in bandages and put in a coffin. That made up the mummification process that preserved bodies for us to research thousands of years later unlike some of the other civilizations. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ffff00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The last thing that made Ancient Egypt’s social life better than other civilizations was how they had such a complex social structure. The Egyptians Had a very complex social pyramid. The highest person was the <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ffff00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; vertical-align: baseline;">__Pharaoh.__ <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ffff00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Then the High priest, Visor, and Nobles. Next came the Priests, engineers, and Doctors. The lowest people on the social pyramid were the Slaves. This makes Egypt better than the other countries because no other country has as complex of a social pyramid that Ancient Egypt did.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">A <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">s you can now see Ancient Egypt was a very advanced and complex civilization for a lot of reasons that made Egypt one of the best ancients civilizations that there ever was. Even though Egypt fell to Arab invaders, the 2000 years before that the ancient civilization thrived and they made great achievements in the time that they had that helped us in so many ways.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #ff9900; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">C <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #ff0000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">o <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #ffff00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">l <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #00ff00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">o <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #9900ff; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">r <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">s <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #ff9900; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Social and Leader- Remy(Orange), <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #ff0000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Political-Jack Bowman(Red), <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #ffff00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Social - Peter Lingo(Yellow), <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #00ff00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Economy-Samantha Shifflett(Green), <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #9900ff; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Innovator-Evan Ruff (Purple), <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Geographer-David Walzer(Blue)